Most Modern Pagans and Witches regard their practices as either ancient practices handed down secretly through centuries, or as intellectual reconstructions of those practices based on ancient records and archaeology. James Grimes, also known as Embreis23, argues that the truth is that Modern Paganism was created through the efforts an array of philosophers, witches, artists, and madfolk, to create by Magic something new: a path to human liberation and survival through the re-enchantment of the world.